Detection of formerly operated mine galleries with geophysical methods (Gümüşhane, Karamustafa Köstürelik area)

Identifying potential gallery and cavity structural features is crucial in the reopening of previously operating old mine galleries. In this thesis study; For the underground operation in Köstürelik Tepe Locality planned to be operated by Yıldız Bakır Mining, the old mine galleries that were previously operated were determined by geophysical methods. To achieve this objective, geophysical techniques including Magnetic, Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), and Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) measurements were employed. The electrical measurements taken were modeled in 2 dimensions using Res2dinv and Mapinfo computer programs. Employing the vertical gradient measuring approach from magnetic techniques, two receivers positioned at varying elevations were utilised to assess the entire component of the terrestrial magnetic field at each measurement location, yielding gradient readings between 70,9 nT/m and -96,2nT/m. In these measurements (-30nT/m and -90nT/m) it was observed that the regions giving negative anomalies characterize the elements of the porous structure and that the deep holes in the porous structures produce stronger anomalies than those found at wide but shallow depths. By taking ERT and VES measurements, the vertical and lateral continuity and orientations of the hollow structure elements of the area were determined. It has been determined that areas with high resistivity values (ranging between 5000-23000 Ohm.m) are associated with drilling data and characterize those with high voids where galleries or ore are extracted. A preliminary gallery cavity model has been developed for this operation, which is planned to be operated again under current conditions by detecting the galleries that were previously opened with primitive methods using geophysical methods.