Prufication of violence of ethnic problems: Example of Basque and Tamil

The aim of this thesis is to reveal the factors that are effective in eliminating the violence of ethnic problem, which has the dimensions of separatism and terror. In this scope; The examples of Basque (Spain) and Tamil (Sri Lanka) have been discussed comparatively. In Spain, problem of separatism have been resolved by democratization and regional autonomy. When terrorism was isolated, police measures and cooperation with France were effective. In Sri Lanka until 2015, assimilation and suppression were applied against separatism. Terror was largely completed by military measures and international cooperation. In the new constitution-building process launched after 2015, the solution to issue of separatism with democratization and a model close to regional autonomy are on the agenda. According to the other specific results obtained in the study; Ethnic nationalism, elites, economic problems and external factors keep separatist tendencies alive even if ethnic separatism is solved on the basis of regional autonomy. When terrorism was isolated in both countries, negotiations were not effective at the primary level and alone. In Sri Lanka, being an island state is an effective factor in the success of comprehensive operations. The radical changes in the regional and international conjuncture are affecting the course of the fight against terrorism in an important way.