Zionism and the Judaization of Jerusalem in the context of the Ethnosembolism approach (1881-1949)

In the thesis, how Jerusalem was Judaized between 1881-1949, using the immigration, deportation and settlement policies of Zionism, was examined. The thesis consists of a introduction, three parts and conclusion. In the first chapter, the theoretical and historical framework of the subject was drawn. Nationalism, one of the political science theories, has been researched with different dimensions. In the twentieth century, especially after the Second World War, the studies of academics who studied the ideology of Nationalism from different perspectives were analyzed and summarized. Ethnosymbolism, the main issues that Ethno-symbolists differ from modernists, the main themes of Ethnosymbolism, the Symbolic Sources of Nations according to Ethnosymbolists were studied. Ethnosymbolism and Zionism similarities were revealed in terms of language, religion, epic, flag and national anthem, religious and national holidays, which are the Symbolic Elements of Ethnicity. The history of Jerusalem and Palestine, starting from the migration of the prophet Abraham, who is considered to be the ancestor of the three monotheistic religions, to the region, until 638 Gregorian was briefly examined. While examining the history of the region, the focus was on migration, exile and return in order to better analyze the present. In the second part, Zionism was examined within the framework of Ethno Symbolism. The Dreyfus Case and Anti-Semitism in Europe, assimilation, and the baptism preference of the Israelites were examined and a general definition of Zionism was made. The stages of the Zionist Movement were described with the biographies of the theological, intellectual, economic and political Zionist leaders. It has been studied how the ethnic basis, golden age, inter-factional conflict and development phenomena, which ethnosembolists care about, are reflected in Zionist intellectuals and activists. In the third chapter, the Judaization of Palestine in general and Jerusalem in particular was studied. In this section, alternative Jewish hostel projects and the approach of Jews to Mesopotamia, El-Ariş, Cyprus, Argentina and Uganda dormitory projects were evaluated. Mass immigration and colonies to Palestine that started in 1881, the effects of the Balfour Declaration on the region, the activities of the British Occupation Regime and the British Mandate Administration, the regional policies of the Great Powers England, France, Germany, Russia and the United States of America and their approaches to immigration, conflict and the role of Zionist organizations, the Ottoman Empire's approach to immigration to Palestine and the measures taken in this regard were examined. The Jewishization of Jerusalem, the change in the world Jewish population in the twentieth century, the change in the Jewish population in Palestine and the change in the Jewish population of Jerusalem were revealed by evaluating the data of alternative sources. In the conclusion part, a solution proposal was put forward for these lands where instability, massacres and sibling fight prevailed for a century.