Dimension analysis of bending perforated beams with the evolutionary topological optimization method

It is inevitable that production will increase in parallel with the increasing demand of the world's rapidly increasing population. Along with the increase in production, the number of production facilities in major cities also increases and their size increases. In parallel with the growing population, it is inevitable that the places of welfare have higher and greater clearance As time progresses, it is emphasized that steel elements used in production, accommodation and socio-cultural places with high and wide clearance should be taken into account in consideration of economy factor. In today's developing and developing countries perforated beams are used to increase the economical level of the steel elements used in the bearing systems of buildings with large openings and heights. The aim of this study is to determine the optimal shape and clearance of the web openings in order to both increase the carrying capacity and decrease the weight of classic perforated beams by using evolutionary topological optimization technique. The effects of the optimal shape and web openings has been obtained by the application of the evolutionary topological optimization through finite elements method, and then the obtained optimal beam has been compared with widely used perforated beams in the market by using stress and displacement analysis. The designed beam was seemed to have more advantages then the widely used ones in industry with a less weight and higher carrying capacity. With the topology optimization, the usual classic perforated beams' geometry has been changed and stiffness was improved.