Model of Leishmaniasis in mice with conventional methods and monitoring infection

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a potentially fatal parasitic disease of the tropics and the subtropics. Leishmania. donovani in East Africa and the Indian subcontinent and Leishmania. infantum in Europe, North Africa, and Latin America. With the increasing incidence of drug resistance in endemic areas, early case-finding and accurate diagnosis for effective treatment is an essential component of VL control. VL diagnosis was complex and invasive (direct microscopic examination of splenic, lymph gland, or bone marro aspirate). According to the report published by the World Health Organization about the leishmaniasis, Based on these estimates, approximately 0.2 to 0.4 cases and 0.7 to 1.2 million VL and Cutaneous Leishmania (CL) cases, respectively, occur each yearUsing an overall case-fatality rate of 10%, we reach a tentative estimate of 20,000 to 40,000 leishmaniasis deaths per year. İn our research we have injected the BALB / C mice with Leishmania infantum (MONI/EP126) for create the leishmaniasis disease and follow infection with three method microscopy, culture and serological Enzymelinked Immunosorbent Assay )ELISA( method. Aimed to evaluated the infection by three month period and in infection, we used three different promastigote forms effect of the parasite on the immune response in mice o different forms of anti-leishmania IgG OD measurements was determined by ELISA. The mice groups was; procyclic promastigot (PP), metacyclic promastigot (MP), containing two forms total promastigotes (TP) and healthy mice were used in control group.In our studies we found the MP group Geimsa staining and microculture method was early infection befor PP group. Direct microscopy sensitive %25 - 81.8 whereas the microculture method was %72.5 - 100 as a result the microculture method is more sensitive than direct microscop method. Microculture method a short time, resulting diagnosis of leishmaniasis, quick, reliable and low-cost method. Microculture method is better than direct microscopic and classical culture method. According to the results, in ELISA?s method the response of the three groups according to the control group in three months was high. In the first month, in PP and TP groups the OD levels was higher than the that level in MP group. In the second month MP group was higher than the two groups. In the third month MP and TP groups was higher than the PP group. OD levels in MP group was low in the first month due to infection escape from the immune responses that would otherwise be directed against it. However, it is also necessary to inhibit numerous macrophage functions, particularly those involved in immune surveillance and macrophage activation, at either the protein or gene expression level. In experimental studies, In order to determine gene regions vaccine targeted for vaccine production, it is recomended to obtain parasite forms and In our studies we found the MP group Geimsa staining and microculture method was early infection befor PP group. Direct microscopy sensitive %25 - 81.8 whereas the microculture method was %72.5 - 100 as a result the microculture method is more sensitive than direct microscopy method. Microculture method a short time, resulting diagnosis of leishmaniasis, quick, reliable and low-cost method. Microculture method is better than direct microscopic and classical culture method. According to the results, in ELISA?s method the response of the three groups according to the control group in three months was high. In the first month, in PP and TP groups the OD levels was higher than the that level in MP group. In the second month MP group was higher than the two groups. In the third month MP and TP groups was higher than the PP group. OD levels in MP group was low in the first month due to infection escape from the immune responses that would otherwise be directed against it. However, it is also necessary to inhibit numerous macrophage functions, particularly those involved in immune surveillance and macrophage activation, at either the protein or gene expression level. In experimental studies, In order to determine gene regions vaccine targeted for vaccine production, it is recomended to obtain parasite forms and continue to work on the different forms of promastigote.In our studies we found the MP group Geimsa staining and microculture method was early infection befor PP group. Direct microscopy sensitive %25 - 81.8 whereas the microculture method was %72.5 - 100 as a result the microculture method is more sensitive than direct microscopy method. Microculture method a short time, resulting diagnosis of leishmaniasis, quick, reliable and low-cost method. Microculture method is better than direct microscopic and classical culture method. According to the results, in ELISA?s method the response of the three groups according to the control group in three months was high. In the first month, in PP and TP groups the OD levels was higher than the that level in MP group. In the second month MP group was higher than the two groups. In the third month MP and TP groups was higher than the PP group. OD levels in MP group was low in the first month due to infection escape from the immune responses that would otherwise be directed against it. However, it is also necessary to inhibit numerous macrophage functions, particularly those involved in immune surveillance and macrophage activation, at either the protein or gene expression level. In experimental studies, In order to determine gene regions vaccine targeted for vaccine production, it is recomended to obtain parasite forms and continue to work on the different forms of promastigote.. continue to work on the different forms of promastigote.