Evaluation of cyclic fatigue and the degree of canal transportation of the different rotary instruments, in artificial root canals

Objectives and Aim: The main objective of our study is to comparatively analyze the canal transportation and cyclic fatigue resistance of widely used rotary file systems, including EndoArt (Touch Gold), Perfect (MTF Plus Gold), Fanta (V-Taper Gold), and ProTaper Next. This analysis will help determine the most effective system for different scenarios. Materials and Methods: In this study, 60 acrylic resin blocks were utilized. For canal transportation analysis, blocks with 45° angled and L-shaped canals were used. The canals were shaped with four different rotary file systems: EndoArt Touch Gold, Perfect MTF Plus Gold, Fanta V-Taper Gold, and ProTaper Next. For cyclic fatigue resistance analysis, stainless steel canals with a 60° angle and a 3 mm curvature radius were specially prepared. The canals were shaped with each rotary file system and tested for resistance using a cyclic fatigue testing apparatus. Ten canals were used for each file system, and the number of fracture cycles (K-file tip separation) was measured. Results: In the cyclic fatigue resistance analysis, Protaper Next and Perfect MTF Plus Gold rotary file systems exhibited the highest number of fracture cycles (KTS). The KTS value for Protaper Next was 589 ± 63, and for Perfect MTF Plus Gold, it was 507 ± 51. In the canal transportation analysis, evaluations conducted in the apical, middle, and coronal regions revealed that Protaper Next and Perfect MTF Plus Gold rotary file systems caused less transportation. No statistically significant differences were observed among the other groups. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that rotary file systems such as Protaper Next and Perfect MTF Plus Gold exhibit higher cyclic fatigue resistance and cause less transportation. Other rotary file systems also possess generally acceptable cyclic fatigue resistance and transportation levels. Keywords: rotary file systems, canal transportation, cyclic fatigue resistance, acrylic resin block, stainless steel canal.