Cooling a solar panel covered with different phase-changeable materials and investigation of the difference in energy production

This thesis work; An experimental comparison of the heat and efficiency calculations on the 110 W Monocrystalline solar panel was made by using different phase-changing materials in the climatic conditions of Batman province. The experimental setup established in Batman University West Raman Campus, the temperature amounts and the parameters affecting the energy amount obtained from the solar panel of FDMs (phase-change materials) were investigated experimentally at different day and hour intervals. Solar radiation, panel temperatures and ambient temperature were measured. The results of the analysis of the obtained findings were examined in terms of yield mobility on the panel. The PV system is cooled with three different PCM materials added to the glass enclosure mounted on the back surface of the 3 panels. Separate PCM variants have been added to the back surface of each of the three photovoltaic panels. Paraffin, Fatty Acid and Salt Hydrate PCMs were added and cooling was done. For a photovoltaic panel, it is left blank to observe the status of a panel in ambient conditions and to take a reference. Three different surface temperatures, ambient temperature and input and output temperatures placed on the panel surface were taken and the power, current and volt values that occurred depending on time were recorded. The maximum power ratios of all panels used in the experimental setup were calculated. As a result of the experimental analysis; A power production excess of 11.34% was found in the panel using paraffin, 17.22% in the panel using Salt Hydrate, and 30% in the panel using Fatty Acid. Although all three panels have the same characteristics, the differences have shown their effect as a result of the experiment. As a result of the calculations, it was measured that the electrical efficiency differs in each panel. According to the data obtained before adding FDMs; While the electrical efficiency of the panel using paraffin was 9.2%, it was calculated as 9.7% after adding paraffin. While the electrical efficiency of the panel using Salt Hydrate was 8.4%, the electrical efficiency of the panel using Salt Hydrate was 9.4% and the electrical efficiency of the panel using Fatty Acid was 6.6%, while the electrical efficiency was 8.1% after adding Fatty Acid. In the experiment, the temperature difference was measured at 16°C on the Paraffin coated solar panel, 11°C on the Salt Hydrate coated panel, and 13°C on the Fatty Acid coated panel. As a result of the experiments, the average temperature difference in the solar panels was 13℃ in the 4th solar panel with the highest Fatty Acid PCM. It has been observed that the three solar panels covered with different PCMs increase the instantaneous and daily average efficiency values. Considering the average highest yield values; Fatty Acid PCM was observed with 30% power increase.