Investigation of changes in germination biology, molecular properties and different temperatures and carbon dioxide concentrations of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) seeds in different provinces

This study was carried carbon dioxide was applied in the greenhouse and laboratories belonging to Malatya Turgut Özal University Faculty of Agriculture in 2018-2019 in order to determine dormant breaking (sulfuric acid, gibberellic acid, hydrochloric acid, microwave, cold/hot application), germination temperature, development at different temperatures (night/day 16/26 °C, 19/29 °C and 22/32 °C) and carbon dioxide environments (400, 600, 800 and 1000 ppm) and molecular similarities (phylogenetics) of the field bindweed which is a harmful weeds in agricultural areas. Field bindweed, the main material in this study was collected from Turkey's 16 provinces (Adana, Ankara, Canakkale, Denizli, Diyarbakir, Erzurum, Hatay, Izmir, Karaman, Kayseri, Konya, Malatya, Samsun, Sanliurfa, Tekirdag and Usak). Field bindweed seeds collected from Malatya were used for the dormancy breaking study and the best dormant breaking method was sulfuric acid 60 min (65%/20 °C) and 0 day 90°C hot water (87.5%/27 °C) applications in the study conducted in 20 °C and 27 °C climate cabins. The germination temperature, plant development in different temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) environments and phylogenetic studies were realized with seeds collected from 16 provinces. It has been determined that the most suitable germination at germination temperature is between 10-40 °C depending on the provinces. In the greenhouse study, increasing the carbon dioxide value variation in the development of field bindweed (plant/root length, plant/root wet and dry weight), and the increase in temperature had a positive effect on the development of field bindweed. Phylogenetic studies in the C. arvensis species in Turkey were determined to create a close groups with each other, but it has been determined that it forms distant groups with C. arvensis species in the world. Keywords: Convolvulus arvensis, dormancy, germination temperature, carbon dioxide, phylogenetic analysis