Effect of different localizations of microgap on alveolar crest on Interleukin-1 Beta and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Levels in peri-implant crevicular fluid

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of microgap on clinical and biochemical parameters around dental implants for 1 year.All patients received four implants: group A: Standard ITI implants, group B: 1 mm. subcrestal placement of the polished surface of group A implants, group C: Esthetic plus ITI implants, group D: subcrestal placement of the polished surface of group C implants.Clinical measurements and Peri Implant Crevicular Fluid (PICF) were collected immediately before loading and at 3th, 6th, 12th months after loading.No significant differences were found in Plaque Index, Gingival Index and Probing Depths between the groups throughout the study. However, the PICF volumes of group D were significantly higher than those of group A, C,D and group A were significantly lower than those of group B, C,D (p<0.05). With respect to Bleeding on Probing (BOP) values; the percentage of BOP (+) sides in group A implants were fewer than group C and D implants (p<0.05). With regard to Interleukin-1 Beta (IL-1 beta), the levels of IL-1beta in group A were lower than the other groups during the study (p<0.05). In point of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-alpha) total amounts; the levels of TNF-alpha in group A implants were lower than those group B and D implants (p<0.05) showing that moving microgap coronally from alveolar crest could be recommended for the health of periodontal tissues.