Determining the effects of compost obtained from agricultural waste and chicken manure enriched with different materials on soil quality and development of corn (Zea Mays L.) plant

There has been an increase in wind erosion in our country, especially in the agricultural lands of the Central and Southeastern Anatolia Regions, due to the extreme temperature and lack of precipitation brought about by seasonal climate changes. The fertile layer in the upper part of the soil is transported by wind erosion. In addition, it is known that agricultural plant residues, especially sunflower and corn residues in agricultural lands are unconsciously burned before tillage after harvest. This causes deficiencies in plant nutrients, especially in organic matter content of soils. On the other hand, direct use of chicken manure, which is one of the animal residues, in agricultural areas has drawbacks in its direct use due to nitrogen loss and high salt content. There is a need for practices that encourage the amount of organic matter in the soil and increase aggregation. In this thesis, it is aimed to compost the agricultural plant residues in Konya Closed Basin by adding different enriched materials (biochar, leonardite, clinoptilolite) together with chicken manure and to reinforce the soils in terms of organic matter and plant nutrient content. In Karapınar conditions, a gravel experiment was carried out with 3 replications in 5 different doses (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 tons da-1) on 5 different compost subjects. In the analysis results of the compost subjects, it was seen that the C/N changes were 10.89 in the K3 subject (clinoptilolite compost) and 11.66 in the K2 subject (leonardite compost), respectively, and that the composting process was completed faster and more mature composting was achieved in the temperature parameters of these compost subjects. It was revealed that the least nitrogen loss in compost subjects was in K2 (leonardite compost) and K1 (biochar compost), while the most nitrogen loss was in K5 (only chicken manure compost). In the effectiveness of salt intake, K3 (clinoptilolite compost) 62.61%, K1 (biochar compost) 61.30% and K2 (leonardite compost) 61.33%, respectively. In the evaluation of the results of soil analysis, the amounts of pH, EC, organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium, available calcium, available magnesium, available sodium, extractable microelements (Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn) in the soil, KDK in the soil, total carbon with the application of compost. It was observed that the increase in C/N ratio, CO2 production and carbon changes in microbial biomass was significant (p<0.01). When the plant was evaluated in terms of analysis results, it was seen that the difference between the doses was significant (p<0.01) in the wet biomass yield (kg da-1) values of the plant with compost application, 12.006 at the highest D3 dose and 9.850.48 at the lowest D0 dose. In wet biomass yield, it was observed that the highest K3 subject (clinoptilolite compost) D3 dose was 12,968.10 compared to the control and there was a 42.54% increase in yield.