Evaluation of the retantion of implant suppoerted crown prosthesis luted with various cements to abutments modified with different surface modifications

Aim: To evaluate the retentions of implant supported metal copings which were cemented with conventional temporary and implant supported crown temporary cements to titanium abutments having applied various surface modifications. Materials-Methods: Four abutment groups (n=10), which involved control group (untreated surfaces), sandblasting group, acid etching group and oxygen plasma treatment group were generated. To sandblasting group abutments, 10 seconds of sandblasting was applied from 10 mm distance, under 3 pressure, with 50 μm Al2O3 particles. Acid etching group abutments were exposed to 48% H2SO4 solution for 1 hour, under 60 degrees temperature. Oxygen plasma group abutments were treated for 5 minutes with 18 watt powered oxygen plasma under 1.875×10ˉ1 torr oxygen pressure. Surface topographies of all abutments were inspected with SEM and surface roughness values were determined with profilometer. Metal copings were cemented to abutments with non-eugenol zinc oxide cement (tg CemTemp NE) and non-eugenol urethane dimethacrylate cement (tg ImplaCem). Samples were subjected to a uniaxial tensile test at a speed of 0.5 mm/min using a universal test machine. Results: Via One-way ANOVA test, there were significant differences between the retentions of the metal copings bonded with the two cements, in all groups. As a result of pairwise comparisons made with TUKEY HSD test, there was no significant difference between abutment groupsfor non-eugenol zinc oxide cement. Unlike, there were remarkable differences between abutment groups for non-eugenol urethane dimethacrylate cement. Conclusion: Sandblasting, acid etching and oxygen plasma processes modified surface topographies by improving surface roughnesses. Applied surface treatments did not cause any significant change in the retention values of the copings luted with non-eugenol zinc oxide cement. Compared to the control group, retentions of metal copings which were luted with non eugenol urethane dimethacrylate cement increased dramatically in the sandblasting and acid etching abutment groups.