Genetic characterization of some common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) commercial varieties and genotypes used as a genitor in bean breeding programs with ssr and snp markers

Common bean is a species belonging to the Phaseolus genus of Leguminosae family. It has economic importance due to being rich in protein, vitamin A and C, and minerals. Among the legumes grown in the world, the bean is one of the most cultivated species of legumes. The determination of genetic diversity in bean genotypes or populations has an important role in terms of our genetic resources. In this study, 94 genotypes which were cultivated in different parts of the world and our country were investigated with SSR and SNP markers. 10 SSR locus (BM141, BM143, BM152, BM160, BM172, GATS91, PV-at002, PV-ctt001, PV-ag001, and PV-at007) and 73 polymorphic SNP primer were used for the determination of genetic structure in commercial cultivars and breeding lines. All of the SSR loci used in the study were found to be polymorphic. A total of 89 alleles were identified for 10 SSR loci in 94 samples analyzed. Mean number of alleles per locus (Na=8.9), effective allele number (Ne=3.731), Shannon information index (I=1.468), observed heterozygosity (Ho=0.023) and expected heterozygosity (He=0.654) were calculated based on SSR analysis. According to the results of Bayesian based STRUCTURE analysis using SSR data, 94 bean genotypes were genetically divided into three main groups. According to genetic similarity based UPGMA dendrogram obtained from SNP analysis, 94 bean genotypes were divided into 2 main groups. The obtained results provide important information about the genetic structures of the studied bean cultivars and breeding lines. With the significant results obtained from this thesis, it will be possible to develop breeding programs to develop new cultivars by using our own gene resources. Keywords: bean breeding, genetic diversity, Phaseolus vulgaris, SSR, SNP 2019, 82 pages