Production, encapsulation and characteristic properties of phase change materials

Uncontrolled population growth, technological advancements, and the increasing demand of industry, combined with people's desire for a more comfortable life, have significantly increased energy consumption and created a greater need for energy in daily life activities. In this context, global energy consumption, global warming, depletion of fossil fuels, and alternative energy solutions are the main focus. The transportation sector, in particular, plays a significant role in fossil fuel consumption. In this context, the transportation sector is shifting toward alternative vehicles, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), which are more environmentally friendly than fossil fuel-powered vehicles. However, the battery technology of these vehicles needs to be further developed in terms of efficiency and cost. In this thesis, the production of hollow carbon shells with the desired purity has been investigated using standard characterization methods such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The experimental results show that the hollow carbon shells possess the desired characteristic properties. The general properties of nano-capsules produced based on Phase-Change Material (PCM) encapsulated in hollow carbon shells were examined using SEM, TEM, EDX, Encapsulation Efficiency Test, Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and elemental analysis techniques. The potential application of the synthesized final product in battery technologies has been evaluated, and this study has comprehensively highlighted its possible contributions to next-generation battery technologies. In particular, the potential positive effects on critical properties such as discharge performance, high thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, and resistance to permanent damage have been emphasized. The findings show that the developed material could serve as a crucial component in enhancing the performance and durability of battery systems.