Examination of science teachers' opinions on distance education within the framework of pedagogical field knowledge

The coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic has caused very important changes and effects at the global level, especially in health, social, economic and pedagogical aspects. One of the most affected areas in this process is the education system.Due to this pandemic in the world, face-to-face education has been suspended at all education levels in Turkey and distance education opportunities have started to be used for all students . For this reason, it is aimed to examine the views of science teachers on distance education within the framework of pedagogical content knowledge. The research was created with 15 science teachers working in public secondary schools in Alanya, Antalya and participating on a voluntary basis. 20 open-ended questions collected under 6 headings, which were prepared beforehand within the scope of semi-structured interview technique, were directed to teachers in online environments. The interview process was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, interviews were held with 15 science teachers for an average of 50 minutes each. At this stage, while the analysis process of the data obtained during the interview process was carried out, the new data collection process continued. In the second stage, all the data analyzed were interviewed again with 15 teachers and their approval was obtained. The answers to the questions were transferred to the word environment and evaluated with the content analysis method. Based on the obtained data, the code was determined. The 207 codes obtained were collected under 6 themes that were determined before. As a result of the research, the difficulty of the teachers to take on the role of parents and teachers at home, the loss of the seriousness of the teacher and the lesson, the lack of distance education materials and the low success of the student who could not attend the class due to internet infrastructure problems, the fact that the cameras were closed due to security, the interaction with the students could not be established, the students could not interact physically and psychologically. Many opinions have been identified, such as problems arise, teachers are unfamiliar with the process, and inefficient learning occurs because they use the same methods as face-to-face education. In addition to these, teachers have started to improve themselves in many subjects such as lecture, measurement and evaluation, use of technology, being in constant communication with students and the increase in the use of audio-visual materials have emerged as the advantages encountered in distance education. Keywords: Covid-19 Pandemic process, Distance education, Pedagogical content knowledge, Science teachers, Science education