Pharmacognostic studies on species of ferula, subgenus merwia (B. FEDTSCH.) found in Turkey

The incidence of side and adverse effects in treatments applied with conventional drugs is a major disadvantage for the use of these drugs. The molecules to be obtained from natural sources and molecule with reduced side effects-high efficiency by them constitute a very important area in solving this disadvantage. Within the scope of the thesis, Ferula szowitsiana and two plants that are close to it but thought to be different were studied. Chemotaxonomic studies, bioactivity-directed isolation studies were performed on the dichloromethane and methanol extracts of the collected roots, and cytotoxic activity determinations were continued on cytotoxic-active dichloromethane extract, fractions, and isolated compounds. As a result, a total of 57 different natural compounds were isolated from locations, and 9 compounds (turcicasulphide, badrakemin-7'-chloride, turcicanol A, turcicanol B, turcica ketone, turcicanol A acetate, galbanaldehyde, 11'-dehydrokaratavicinol, 10'-dehydrokaratavicinol) were found to be the novel ones in the literature. Besides, spectral analyzes and the stereochemistries of compounds were present, the stereochemistries caused confusion in the literature were re-evaluated through NOE interpretations and semi-synthesis studies. As a result, the cytotoxic activities of colladonin, conferol, karatavicinol, persicasulphide A and C, turcicanol-A, turcicanol-B, turcicanol-A acetate, gummosin acetate have been found significant. According to chemical maps obtained, phylogenetic and morphological studies carried out, the plant from Kırşehir-Lake Seyfe location was determined to be different and named as Ferula latialata; the plant from Konya-Lake Salt was named Ferula turcica. This result increases the number of Ferula species to 26 and increases the number of endemic species to 16 in Turkey.