The biological parameters after adding Ferula elaeochytris Korovin plant to the diet of healthy rats and determination of the phytochemical composition of the plant

It is a well-known fact that plants have medicinal value in human life. In phytotherapy, a branch of traditional medicine, plants are used in the prevention, treatment and support of diseases. Ferula elaeochytris Korovin, known as çakşır in Anatolia, is a plant widely used by the people of the Eastern Anatolia Region due to its anti-diabetic, anti-carcinogenic, and aphrodisiac effects. In this study, the aim was to investigate the phytochemical content of the plant by observing the histopathological changes in the liver and kidneys of healthy rats and the changes in biochemical markers in blood tests as a result of adding F. elaeochytris to their daily diet. For this purpose, 16 Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups. For 8 weeks, the experimental group was fed standard feed pellets supplemented with F. elaeochytris, while the control group was fed standard feed pellets without F. elaeochytris. At the end of 8 weeks, blood and tissue samples were collected from the rats under anaesthesia. CRP, AST, ALT, CREA, URE, ALP, LDH, UA, CHOL, TG, HDL, LDL, GLU, TAS, and TOS were measured using colorimetric methods, and insulin was assessed using the ELISA method. The results of the analyses showed that the differences between the measurements of ALT, UREA, BUN, TG, UA, CHOL, HDL, and OSI were statistically significant (p<0.05). The control group had higher average values for ALT, UREA, and BUN measurements, while the experimental group had higher average values for TG, UA, CHOL, HDL and OSI measurements. Sections stained with H&E were examined under a trinocular microscope from liver and kidney tissues of rats that underwent necropsy. A statistically significant difference was found between glomerular capillary volume increase and Kuppfer cell hyperplasia (p<0.05). In the experimental group, moderate Kuppfer cell hyperplasia and mild to moderate glomerular capillary volume increase were mostly observed, while in the control group, mild Kuppfer cell hyperplasia and mild glomerular capillary volume increase were mostly observed. The HPLC analysis of the plant was performed, and the sample results were evaluated using the calibration equation. In HPLC, 7.95±0.20 µg/mg chlorogenic acid, along with ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid, were detected. The presence of protocatechuic acid and rutin in the extract was detected, but their quantities could not be determined. September 2025, 94 pages Key Words: Biochemichal marker, Ferula elaeochytris, histopathological examination, HPLC, Chlorogenic acid.