Flow characteristics around orifice using PIV technique

The main purpose of the present study is to investigate the details of flow structure downstream of an orifice plate with variable thickness inserted in a pipe in turbulent flows using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique for Reynolds numbers based on the pipe diameter ranging from 7 400 to 37 000. The ratio of orifice diameter to the pipe diameter, ??????? was kept constant, but dimensionless orifice plate thickness ratio t* was varied from 1/8 to 1 throughout for turbulent flows. The flow data downstream of the orifice plate in consecutive side-view planes are presented using time-averaged velocity vector map, streamline patterns, vorticity contours. Variation of time-averaged velocity vectors along a specific line is also presented graphically.