Activated carbon production by using nutshell with phophoric (H3PO4) and boron

Activated carbon is obtained by the process of carbonization followed by activation of the initially carbonaceous material which is usually of vegetable origin. The product of the carbonization process, i.e. of pyrolysis of the carbon-containing material, conducted in the absence of air and any chemicals, is a material virtually inactive as regards adsorption, with a specific surface area. Activation is necessary to convert this product into an adsorbent of high porosity with a srongly developed surface area. Both these processes, carbonization and activation, are the object of continued research since they are very important from the practical point of view for the demand for active carbons of different properties is even increasing. In this paper, the production of active carbon is considered and its pore structure and chemical constitution of its surface are discussed. The methods of testing this first commercial activated carbon product of our country are described and its physical-chemical characteristics are discussed