Investigation of the effects of using fuels on fossil fuel vehicles to alternative environment exhaust emissions and engine performance

In this study, the influence of adding different amount of the pomace oil, which is obtained from the residual waste pulp during the production of olive oil, to diesel oil and its use in a diesel engine was tested. Besides, the effects of adding alcohol to the gasoline fuel by various volumes (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% ethanol and methanol) on engine performance and exhaust emissions were tested. The obtained fuel mixtures were tested on diesel and gasoline engines that can be charged with a single-cylinder, four-stroke, air-cooled electric dynamometer, and the results were compared to the related reference fuels. In crude pomace oil-diesel fuel mixtures, while torque increase was obtained at maximum torque speed compared to pure diesel fuel, values at near maximum diesel power were obtained. While average specific fuel consumption values decreased by 9.4% in PRN10 fuel compared to pure diesel, other blended fuels showed similar values to diesel. When the emission values of crude pomace oil mixed fuel are examined, it is observed that the emission values tend to decrease in general. When alcohol-gasoline fuel mixture and engine speed test results are examined; In gasoline-ethanol mixtures; engine torque and power decreased at maximum torque and power cycles compared to gasoline fuel, while CO and HC emissions decreased and O2 values increased. When the NOx exhaust emission values were examined, ETNL05 and ETNL15 fuel mixtures were similar to gasoline fuel, while ETNL10 and ETNL20 fuel increased. In gasoline-methanol mixtures; engine torque, MTNL05 and MTNL15 blends decreased while maximum torque speed was compared to gasoline fuel. At the maximum power cycle, there was a decrease in power in MTNL05, MTNL15 and MTNL20 fuel mixtures compared to gasoline fuel, while an increase in power was observed in MTNL10 fuel. In general, it is seen that emission values tend to decrease in methanol blended fuels compared to gasoline.