Photovoltaik systems and grid integration investigation

Meeting the energy needs in the globalizing world is becoming more difficult day by day. The fact that limited fossil fuels have a very wide usage area has caused humanity to resort to various methods and search for new resources. Due to the increasing population and the insufficiency of energy resources, the demand for renewable energy sources is increasing. Renewable energy sources, which are clean and continuous energy sources, are also important in terms of avoiding fuel problems and reducing foreign dependency. However, research and development studies on renewable energy resources continue. Solar energy is an endless, environmentally friendly type of energy whose fuel is sun rays. They are flexible systems that can be changed when necessary, depending on energy needs. In addition, the advantages of solar energy over other types of renewable energy are its ease of operation, lack of moving parts and durable systems. Solar energy is used in many different areas such as heating, cooling, drying, irrigation and electricity generation. Electrical energy can be produced using solar energy. PV systems are semiconductor systems that produce direct current electricity thanks to sunlight, by taking advantage of the movement of electron-hole pairs in the p-n structure in the solar cell. Using PV systems, grid-connected or off-grid solar power plants are designed depending on the condition of the unit that will produce energy. With off-grid systems, it is practical and economical to meet the required electrical energy needs from solar energy at points far from the interconnected grid, as it eliminates the transmission cost. Grid-connected systems, on the other hand, offer solutions by taking electrical energy from the grid when needed and adding it directly to the grid in cases of excess production. In this study, the usage areas of PV systems in Turkey, production stages, equipment used, grid connections, energy quality problems, harmonics, maximum power monitoring points are explained separately and necessary information is given.With the help of matlab/simulink program, the grid integration of a 100kE photovoltaic system was carried out and the results were obtained.