Future of real estate investment tokenization and blockchain integration: A systematic review

ABSTRACT Purpose – This research has two fundamental purposes. First, it systematically reviews theoretical and empirical literature on blockchain-based tokenization and its effect on liquidity, ROI, and transaction costs. Second, it identifies general barriers to tokenization adoption, both legal and technological, and highlights gaps in the literature for future research agendas. Design/methodology/approach –The research will apply a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology and thematic analysis. By connecting idea gaps and informing about technological and regulatory effects, this study seeks to raise knowledge and thus address a deficiency in current literature. Findings – While tokenization and blockchain technology are considered innovative investment models that enhance market performance, this article highlights the lack of regulatory uncertainty, limited empirical data, and sets priorities for future research and policy needs to develop a universal uniform token performance measurement, compliant frameworks, and interoperable platforms. Practical implications – This thesis provides valuable guidance for investors, policy-makers, and industry stakeholders by analyzing the effect of tokenization on ROI, liquidi-ty, and highlighting the key barriers for adoption, and emphasizing that there is a need for more research in the MENA region. This knowledge facilitates and supports the devel-opment, creating a solid background for future research. Originality/value—This research provides original value through thematic analysis of the financial, legal, and technological dimensions of the tokenized real estate market. Mapping current gaps and proposing strategic frameworks, and acting as a road map for decision makers and researchers to support future innovation in the real estate sector. Keywords: Tokenization, Real estate, Blockchain, Liquidity, ROI, Cost-efficiency, SLR, Regulatory challenges, Market adoption.