Analysis of Ġâde es- Semmân's novel named "Yâ Dimeşḳ Vedâʿan" and "Er- Rivâyetüˈl Müsteḥîle"

Modern Arabic literature has been discussed from different perspectives from its formation process to the present day. One of the issues addressed from these different perspectives was the theme of women. Women writers have taken a leading role in the struggle for development in Arab society. In this study, the novels named er-Rivâyetu'l Müsteḥîle- Fuseyfisa Dimeşḳiyye (Impossible Novel-Damascus Mosaic) and Ya Dimeşḳ Vedâ'an- Fuseyfisa at-Tamerrud (Farewell O Damascus-Revolt Mosaic) were fictionalized in Syria and Lebanon, which are a part of the Arab geography. It is discussed. The novels named er-Rivâyetu'l Müsteḥîle- Fuseyfisa Dimeşḳiyye and Ya Dimeşḳ Vedâ'an-Fuseyfisa at-Tamerrud were written by Ġâde es-Semmân, one of the pioneer female writers of modern Syrian literature. Syrian writer Ġâde es-Semmân tells the life story of a girl who was orphaned at the age of five and raised by her grandmother. Through the main character, women's place in Syrian society, their freedom, their right to work and education, marriage, etc. topics have been discussed. At the same time, the Ottoman domination of Syria, World War I and II, the French mandate and the recent political history of Syria, which are mentioned and frequently cited in the novel, are discussed. In this thesis, the development of the Arabic novel in the modern period, the writers who paved the way for the development, the Syrian novel, the writers who represent literary movements, their books were discussed and Ġâde es-Semmân's novels er-Rivâyetu'l Müsteḥîle and Ya Dimeşḳ Vedâ'an were analyzed. In this analysis study, attention was paid to the integrity of the subjects touched upon by the novels. Themes and topics created by the characters such as patriotism, corruption, rebellion and ignorance are included. The literary analysis of Syria's social problems, political turmoil and steps towards becoming a modern country has provided a lot of material in the thesis. In this context, the person images included in the novels were examined in the light of the environmental factors, education level, social and economic conditions that form the characters of the people.