Galileo and the mathematical philosophy of nature

In this research, Galileo's mathematical natural philosophy is discussed. The research aims to examine the importance of using mathematics in natural philosophy in questioning nature from Galileo's point of view. However, since Galileo developed his mathematical philosophy of nature by criticizing Aristotle's philosophy of nature, it is impossible not to mention Aristotle's philosophy of nature while examining Galileo's philosophy of nature. Therefore, our research consists of two chapters. In the first chapter, the following are discussed: Aristotle's philosophy of nature; motion and the purpose of motion; the structure of the universe; and the reason why mathematics is not applied to natural philosophy. In the second part, Galileo's mathematical philosophy of nature and his objections and criticisms to Aristotle are examined. In our research, the importance of using mathematics in natural inquiry is emphasized. Therefore, this research will contribute to understanding the importance of using mathematics in natural sciences.