The genotoxic effects of food additive potassium bromate on human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro

ABSTRACTMSc THESISTHE GENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF FOOD ADDITIVE POTASSIUMBROMATE ON HUMAN PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES INVITROFatma Funda KAYADepartment of BiologyInstitute of Natural and Applied SciencesUniversity of ÇukurovaSupervisor: Prof. Dr. Mehmet TOPAKTAŞYear: 2005, Pages: 82Jury: Prof. Dr. Mehmet TOPAKTAŞProf. Dr. Rüştü HATİPOĞLUAssoc. Prof. Dr. Eyyüp RENCÜZOĞULLARIThe aim of this study was to investigate genotoxic effect of Potasium bromate whichused as bleaching agent in flour, on human peripheral blood lymphocytes by determiningsister chromatid exchange (SCE), chromosomal aberrations (CA) and micronucleus tests(MN) and determine whether the chemical has any genotoxic potential for humans. Cellswere treated with 400, 450, 500, 550 µg/ml concentrations of potassium bromate for 24 and48 hours.In this study, 24 hours treatments of Potassium bromate increased generally the SCEfrequency but differences between the treatments and control were not statisticallysignificant. However, Potassium bromate increased the SCE frequency statisticallysignificant when compared with control at all used concentrations for 48 hours treatmentperiods. In addition, CA were also induced at all concentrations for 24 hours treatmentperiods. It was found that increasing the percentage of abnormal cells (AH%) was higherthan that of positive control (MMC), however this difference was not statistically significant.During the 24 hours treatment periods, potassium bromate significantly increased thefrequency of CA per cell when compared with control. This inducing was also dose-dependently. The percentage of abnormal cells (AH%) was increased at all theconcentrations for 48 hours treatment period. Additionally, Potassium bromate decreasedboth the replication index (RI) and mitotic index (MI), for 24 and 48 hours treatment periods.Micronucleus formation was induced by Potassium bromate at 24 hours treatment period in adose-dependent manner without statistically significant. However, at 48 hours treatmentperiod, the frequency of the micronucleated cells were statistically increased when comparewith the control.KeyWords: Human peripheral lymphocytes, potassium bromate, Sister ChromatidExchange (SCE), Chromosome Aberration (CA), Micronukleus (MN)I