Evaluation of nutrition states, mindful eating, and blood glucose profiles of women with gestational diabetes

The study aimed to detect the relationship between gestational diabetes and nutritional habits of pregnant by evaluating pregnant women's score of eating mindfulness and nutritional conditions. The study was conducted with 21 GDM pregnant and 47 healthy ones between February 2020 and May 2020 in University of Katip Celebi, Research Hospital, in pregnants aged between 19 and 45, admitted to the obstetric outpatient clinic and accepted to be included in the study voluntarily, who make performed OGTT in the weeks 24th to 28th. We filled out questionnaire forms containing general information, anthropometric measurements, and a scale of eating awareness. A registry of food consumption was taken to learn their eating conditions and evaluated according to the healthy eating index (HEI). Mean BMI of pregnant women before pregnancy was found to be 27.42 ± 5.44 kg/m2. Means of weight gaining of healthy and pregnant with GDM were lessin 20.6 %, normal in 25 %, and excessive in 54.4 %. The difference between the mean birth weight of pregnant women with GDM and healthy pregnant women was statistically significant (p<0.05). While the diet quality of 52.4% of the GDM group was found to be "poor", 47.6% "needed improvement"; The diet quality of 21.3% of the control group was found to be "poor", 74.5% "to be improved" and 4.3% "good". There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). Means of eating mindfulness score were 2.85+0.34 and 3.13+0.44 in the group of GDM and controls, respectively (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the eating awareness mean scores between the groups (p<0.05). A moderate positive correlation and a statistical significance were found between MEQ and HEI in pregnant women with GDM (r:0.61, p<0.05).While a weak or very weak correlation was found between MEQ and energy intake, BMI, and age with no statistical difference (p<0.05), there was also a weak correlation between MEQ and energy intake, BMI, and age but the statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in controls. It is estimated that GDM risk can be reduced by creating adequate and balanced nutrition programs during pregnancy. It is considered that eating awerenes, which is the most important element for healthy people, can be an important subject on nutrition of pregnants, and more studies are needed on the more studies eating awareness of pregnant women. Keywords: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Healthy Eating Index, Mindful Eating, Nutrition During Pregnancy