Ultrastructure of produced calli from globularia trichosantha ssp. trichosantha

Globularia genus is represented with 11 taxon in vegetation of Turkey. Globularia trichosantha ssp. trichosantha is a medical plant used in treatment hemorrhoid. It also decreases blood glucose level, reduces secretion of histamine, increases urine, has stomachic and supporting properties, prevents headache and is used as diaphoretic agent. In this study, callus production was realized with explants of aseptic seedlings that after G. trichosantha ssp. trichosantha seeds germinating, callus production by plant tissue culture method. Ultrastructure of produced calli was examined in ultra thin sections with electron microscope preperation. Seeds of G. trichosantha ssp. trichosantha were sterilized and germinated in plant growth regulators free Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Hypocotyls, epicotyls, cotyledon, young primer leafs, apical meristem and roots were taken from 30 day aseptic seedlings. These explants were transferred to MS medium for callus production which include different concentration of 6-benzilamynopurine, indole acetic acid and 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The best callus production was recorded at the MS medium containing IAA+BAP and the best callus production in root explants. Two types of calli were determined. Yellow calli (Type 1) and black calli (Type 2) with darkened in color and appearance that have not lose their development properties were examined in transmission electron microscope (TEM). The cells of Type 1 calli were spherical and large. The cells contained usually one nucleus and nucleolus. Also the cells contained a very large vacuole, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi complex, mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids. Deformed cells and spherical cells are determined in Type 2 calli. The cells were observed to smaller vacoules and higher number of mitochondria different from Type 1 calli.