The comparison of the effects of submucosal tramadol and dexamethasone on postoperative pain, edema and trismus after impacted third molar surgery

Aim: We aimed to compare the effects of tramadol and dexamethasone, which are new to use in dental practice, for the complications seen after surgery in twenty-year dental surgery. Thus, it is expected to contribute directly to the literature by revealing the most effective drug and application form for two drugs. Material and method: Our study is designed in double-sided, randomized, controlled, double-blind design; A total of 60 patients with symmetrical embedded mandibular 3rd molar teeth were included. All patients were divided into 4 experimental groups, namely preoperative tramadol, preoperative decort, postoperative tramadol and postoperative decort, respectively, with 15 patients in each group. In all groups, the symmetrical side of the patients formed the control group. In the preoperative treatment groups, patients were administered 100 mg / 2 ml tramadol and 8 mg / 2 ml dexamethasone submucosally 30 minutes before the procedure, respectively. In the postoperative treatment groups, 100 mg / 2 ml tramadol and 8 mg / 2 ml dexamethasone were administered to the patients, 30 minutes after the procedure, submucosally. Pain level of the patients after the procedure (first 12 hours postoperatively every hour, 1st, 2nd and 3rd day), edema, trismus, alveolitis, bleeding and infection (on postoperative 1st, 2nd and 7th day) and postoperative 2. Quality of life at 7th and 7th days was measured with the help of special questionnaires and scales. Results: In all groups except postoptramadol group, there was a significant decrease in pain values compared to the control group; the lowest level of pain was observed in the preopdecort group. In terms of postoperative edema, it was observed that preoptramadol, preopdecort and postopdecort groups had significantly less edema on the 1st and 2nd days compared to the control groups. Among the four experimental groups, the least edema was measured in the preopdecort group. While it was observed that the amount of mouth opening was higher in the postopdecort group in all the days examined; it was seen that the chewing efficacy was obtained at the best level in the postoptramadol group. In addition, it was observed that patients with preopdecort had significantly less alveolitis and wound healing than the control group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of bleeding in 4 experimental groups; It was measured that the patients had a significantly better degree of satisfaction in all experimental groups compared to the control groups. Conclusion: The quality of life and satisfaction levels of patients increased in all groups compared to the control groups, but when all parameters were evaluated together, the preopdecort group was found to be the most successful group. We think that the results obtained will positively contribute to the literature and our colleagues in eliminating the complications that occur after the surgical operations in the maxillofacial region and for treatment purposes.