Güneş enerjisi santrallerinde kısmi gölgelenme için MPPT algoritması

With the increasing effects of global warming, the transition to renewable energy sources has accelerated in recent years. Solar energy has become more affordable and efficient due to technological improvement. In order to obtain maximum efficiency from PV systems, PV panels should operate at the maximum power point (MPP). Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms have been developed to achieve maximum power output from PV systems by tracking MPP under different environmental conditions. The proposed method is based on the perturb and observe (P&O) approach. Although the P&O technique can locate the maximum power point in uniform radiation, it is not able to track the global maximum power point in partial shading conditions (PSC). Therefore, the P&O method is combined with an effective global search mechanism to ensure MPP tracking. The global search part of the presented method determines the positions of potential local maximum power points and measures the corresponding power values to these peak points. Then, the highest of these measured powers is chosen as the new operating point of the panel. Thus, the suggested technique is able to obtain the maximum power from the PV panel by tracking the MPP under PSC. Consequently, the proposed algorithm performs effectively in different environmental conditions. MATLAB/Simulink software was used to analyze the tracking performance of the algorithm. The proposed method has been evaluated in heavily and lightly partial shadowing situations, which change dynamically to reflect real-world conditions. The presented algorithm is compared with the simulated annealing algorithm, one of the popular MPPT algorithms in the literature. The simulation result indicates that the tracking efficiency of the presented method is 98.36% to 90.63% higher than the simulated annealing method in the severely shading condition. Similarly, the proposed method tracked the ideal power by 98.38%, while the simulated annealing method remained at 93.53% in the lightly partial shading condition.