The effect of the southern oscillation on the precipitation data of the Eastern Anatolia Region

Due to the increasing water demand in the world and our country, the effective use and evaluation of water resources have become essential. The increasing water demand day by day, the efficient use of resources and the correct planning studies became important factors. On the other hand, the global warming and the climate changes make this planning difficult. Examining the climate events, the causes of climate changes and the effects of these changes on our country and explaining the Southern Oscillation in detail and analyzing it statistically will provide us to obtain accurate information about earth and our geographical regions. Studies reveal that the climate changes have major effects on the hydrological cycle. Understanding the effectiveness and variability of the Southern Oscillation can provide us information about the causes of climate change. Large-scale oscillations caused by atmospheric movements can lead to climate anomalies and can greatly affect the water resources. Therefore, the potential effects of climatic events and the resulting climatic changes on water resources should be examined extensively. In this thesis, monthly and annual precipitation data of the Eastern Anatolia Region were examined and the relationship between the precipitation data and the Southern Oscillation was investigated and analyzed. Various homogeneity tests were applied for the homogeneity of the precipitation data and it was examined whether there was a significant trend in the precipitation data or not. If there was a increasing or decreasing trend, the trend starting years were also determined. As a result of the research, it was determined that extreme events such as El Niño and La Niña, which are the warm and cold phases of the Southern Oscillation, were effective on the precipitation data of the Eastern Anatolia Region and their effects on the stations in this region were revealed.