Assessment of metabolic syndrome and nutritional status in individuals with gouty arthritis and asymptomatic hyperuricemia

Demir M. Assessment of metabolic syndrome and nutritional status in individuals with gouty arthritis and asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Başkent University, Institute of Medical Science, Nutrition and Dietetic Master's Thesis, 2017. In this study, it was aimed to determine the nutritional status of asymptomatic hyperuricemic and gouty arthritis patients and to evaluate the nutritional risk factors which are effective on serum uric acid level. It is also aimed to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in asymptomatic hyperuricemic patients and in the presence of urate crystal deposition-related diseases such as gout arthritis. A total of 145 adults, including 92 (63.4%) females and 53 (36.6%) males, who applied to the Private Hospital Physician Ankara Hospital Internal Medicine Policlinic between May 2016 and August 2016, were included in the study. Socio-demographic characteristics, physical activity status and eating habits of the individuals were recorded in the questionnaire form. Anthropometric measurements of the individuals were taken, some biochemical parameters were analyzed, and 24-hour food consumption frequency records for freqency. Participants, with asymptomatic hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis, were divided into two groups.85 patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia and 65 patients with gouty arthritis were included in the study. The mean age of the patients with gout arthritis was 41.1 ± 12.0 years and the mean age of asymptomatic hyperuricemic individuals was 34.1 ± 12.7 years. There was statistically significant difference between two groups according to age groups (p <0.05). According to body mass index (BMI), in the asymptomatic hyperuricemic group 57.1% of men and 28.8% of women were overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg / m2), 42.9% of male and 42.4% of female individuals were obese (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg / m2) while in gut arthritis group (BMI 25-29.9 kg / m2) 41% of men and 19.2% of the males were overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg / m2), and 56.4% of men and 73.1% of women were obese (BMI≥30.0 kg / m2). There was a significant difference between women according to BMI levels according to patient groups (p <0,05). On the other hand, this difference was not detected in males (p> 0,05). In the study, it was determined that the amount of energy received daily was 2380±783.96 kcal in gut patients and 2320±600.87 kcal in asymptomatic hyperuricemic patients. Protein-mediated energy content was 14.2% in patients with gouty arthritis and 13.7% in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia, which was within the recommended limits. In the groups with gout athritis and asymptomatic hyperuricemia, the percentage of energy coming from fat in the meals was determined as 47.9% and 49.5% respectively and it was found to be well above the recommended value. In the assessment of fructose uptake, it was found that female patients were more in the fructose uptake in hyperuricemic patients and male patients were more in fructose uptake in gout arthritis patients group. Biochemical evaluation revealed triglyceride, uric acid, CRP, ferritin, AST, ALT values were higher in patients with gout arthritis compared to asymptomatic hyperuricemic cases. The incidence of metabolic syndrome was 44.6% among patients with gout arthritis and 26.3% among patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia. In conclusion, it is important to increase public awareness and awareness of risk factors for hyperuricemia, make changes in person-specific nutrition and lifestyle in order to prevent gout arthritis and metabolic syndrome components associated with elevated serum uric acid.