The perception of Islamic identity in Europe after September 11, 2001 within the frameworks of securitisation theory and human security

When we look at the history of International Relations, it can be identified as a social area which arised within the complexity of the concepts of war and peace. Even from the first appearance of nation states, international relations has always been a discipline which is searching a security method.As an administrative form of the modern world, the capacity of the nation-state is restricted by the deep impacts of globalisation at different levels. Another dimension of this capacity limit is the degeneration of traditional state which is formed as a security provider. Today, although states are in charge of providing security in their inside/outside virtuality, they can produce insecurities which can be observed frequently. In this context, it is an observed phenomenon that there are European Union countries which have contradictions with the term human security, which United Nations have important contributions to its conceptualization. The `Muslim Terrorist? image, which is created especially after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks explains why Islamic actors are detained in many `liberal democratic? European Union countries, exposed to discrimination, subject to fascist attacks, put into an `unwanted? position systematically by visa applications, ghettoised, tortured and deprived of political visibility in the public sphere just because of the religious basin that they belong to.Beside explaining the developments within the security theory, the main objective of this study is to determine the problems caused by `the other? arised by securitization processes in terms of human security as a discourse producing `anathema culture? and bring a normative criticism to the constructivist theory. Islamophobia, which is especially seen in the European Union countries today, will be analysed through security discourses.