Research of physical and dynamical properties of H < 18^m near-earth asteroids and analysis of (2059) baboquivari

In this thesis, the physical and dynamical properties of Near-Earth Asteroids (NEAs) with an absolute magnitude H < 18^m have been investigated. Efforts have been made to unveil the dynamic paths within the solar system, examine groups based on spectral types, and detail NEA pairs that may share a common origin. Additionally, using photometric, spectroscopic, and polarimetric observation techniques, the physical properties of the H < 18^m NEA (2059) Baboquivari, have been revealed for the first time. Apart from the peculiarities in the photometric data of Baboquivari with a long rotation period, the contribution of various physical approaches suggests that it could be a non-principal-axis rotator, that is a tumbler, an asteroid exhibiting a tumbling motion. As a byproduct, the details of the algorithm developed for asteroid photometry and the PhoPS software developed for its application are shared within the thesis. Simultaneously, the linear variation in the distance from the image center to the zero-point brightness in the images obtained with the T100 telescope, resulting from the application of this algorithm, is presented in full detail.