The term of adalat in the science of hadīth methodology

Justice, which is the basic condition for the trustworthiness of the narrator, is the most important factor in the acceptance of narrations. Because of that, the meaning that justice includes, was researhed deeply in the books of hadith methodology. As a matter of fact, knowing the understanding of justice of a scholar who adjudicate for a narrator as being unfair, or knowing the behaviors that regarded as damaging the justice, is very essential for the carh-ta'dil /disaffirmation-affirmation discipline. In the fisrt part of the research, after giving the linguistic and terminological meanings of justice, the historical development process of the concept through the famous books was examined and other subjects that have relations to the justice concept were also studied. In the second part, firstly, the determination of justice is mentioned, and then some of the important issues around the concept of justice in the works of hadith are examined and the views of the scholars of the hadith method are conveyed. Afterward, explanations were made about the five criticism points relevant to justice which are the reasons to criticize/ta'n the narrator, which are referred to as ten-criticisms/metâin-i aşere. Moreover, the differance between the justice which is accepted as a quality of the narrator and the justice that should be in the witness, is mentioned. As a result, in the conclusion part, the historical development of the concept of justice and the definitions made for justice in this process, the results reached in the context of various issues related to justice were recorded.