Biomechanical comparison of the newly defined distal osteotomy and distal chevron osteotomy in Hallux Valgus surgery

Hallux valgus is the most common deformity seen in the foot. Distal Chevron osteotomy is widely used in HV surgery and many different osteotomy methods have been described in the literature due to its complications such as nonunion, loss of reduction, and osteolysis. The aim of this study is to biomechanically compare the Fingersızoğlu osteotomy and the distal Chevron osteotomy, which are among the osteotomies described in this study. 14 identical bone models with the same mineral density were divided into two groups and Parmaksızoğlu and distal Chevron osteotomy was performed with incision guides created with the help of fluoroscopy. They were fixed with a 3.5 mm sized headless compression screw. In the study, one sample from each of the two experimental groups was sacrificed with maximum force to determine the cyclic loading force. During biomechanical tests, the remaining samples were placed in the MTS 858 Mini Bionix II device with a steel crucible at a 15° angle and fatigue tests were performed on the samples with 1000 cycles of axial loading up to 0-10 N. Initial-200-400-600-800-1000. cycles rigidity, dorsal angulation and deforming force values calculation was performed with MATLAB R2022b. In the Chevron osteotomy group, the 1000th cycle average rigidity value was 3.69 N/mm (SD: 3.19), the 1000th cycle average dorsal angulation value was 1.95° (SD: 1.14), and the average deforming force value was 20. It was measured as .14 N (SD: 10.64); In the Parmaksızoğlu osteotomy group, the 1000th cycle average rigidity value was 2.28 N/mm (SD: 0.75), the 1000th cycle average dorsal angulation value was 2.12° (SD: 1.21), and the average deforming force value was 26.72. It was measured as N (SD: 18.66) and no statistically significant difference was detected between these two groups in terms of rigidity, dorsal angulation and deforming force. In the study, Parmaksızoğlu osteotomy and Chevron osteotomy were compared in terms of rigidity, dorsal angulation and deforming force, and no statistically significant superiority of these two techniques was observed over each other. When biomechanical HV studies were examined in the literature, the number of biomechanical studies comparing the osteotomy technique was found to be insufficient. Studies comparing different fixation techniques biomechanically on the same osteotomy are more common in the literature.