The relations between land use with geomorphological features of hani environment (Diyarbakır)

Hani district is located in the Tigris department of the Southeastern Anatolia Region. Located in the northeastern of Diyarbakir, Hani is bordered by Lice to east, Genç to the northeast, Arıcak to the northwest, Dicle to the west, Kocaköy and Sur to the south. Hani is administratively a district center of Diyarbakir. This district, which has a population of around 33,000, is one of the important settlements of Diyarbakir. In terms of ground shapes, we see that this district, which is mountainous and rugged in the northern parts, has an irregular character with its population and settlement characteristics. The central and southern parts are more attractive in terms of population and settlement due to the fact that they have a simpler topography. It is one of the most diverse districts of Diyarbakir, especially in terms of physical geography characteristics, due to its establishment in the part where there are Inceburun mountains in the Edge Bend Belt south of the Southeastern Taurus mountains. It has many plains that extend east-west again between the mountain ranges that extend east-west. dec. There are many mountains such as Nem, Babig, Çimen, Dibri, Siyabelek, Kus Mountain, Zincibel-Kale Mountains and Kurtuluş mountain. As we go from south to north in these mountains, we see that the elevation and slope values increase. Especially with the tectonic activities and plate movements that occurred during the quaternary period, we see that the Miocene bowl at this site was closed and the wholesale rise occurred by compression. It is still ongoing that the Arab platform compresses and overlays the Anatolian Plate. As a result of these jamming and trapping events, we can say that lowland areas have been established as a result of these jamming and trapping events, and that elevation has occurred in places. We see that fractures occur as a result of both karst and tectonic activities in the field. As a result of these events, karst erosion and accumulation patterns have improved, and especially polye plains have occurred. In addition to the polye plains, it is quite common in the field in other karst formations such as lapya, dolin, uvala, cave, düden. We can say that the field is also rich in karst topography. In general, we see that physical conditions affect the land use around Hani. The central and southern parts of the study area have a simpler topography in terms of morphological features, while the northern parts are more mountainous and hilly. As a result, the settlement, the population, activities such as agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry are concentrated in the southern parts. Due to the unfavorable topography in the northern parts, human and economic activities are limited. You know, the soil properties around it are diverse in their maintenance. In places where flatland systems are spreading, terrarossa, brown steppe and brown forest soils are spreading. There are alluvial soils located around the stream and dam, and colluvial soils are observed on the slopes of mountainous areas. Since the study area has a continental climate, products with a high water requirement hardly have the opportunity to grow. While irrigated agriculture is carried out by using the Tigris river and its dam and some streams, in general, more space is allocated to dry agricultural products in this part. Keywords: Hani, Diyarbakır, Border Folds, Geomorphology, Land Use