A study on the effect of the use of different organic and mineral fertilizers on colored and white cotton (G. hirsutum L.) on herbal characteristics and fiber quality in the harran plain conditions

The cotton plant is the most important raw material for the textile and oil industries. Today, productivity and quality are extremely important in the textile industry. Although the dyeing of fibres used in the textile industry offers advantages in terms of diversity and marketing, it also has some disadvantages in terms of environmental pollution. Therefore, it is worth investigating whether naturally coloured cotton, which we consider to be environmentally friendly, has the potential to be produced as an alternative to white cotton. For this purpose, the Fiona cotton variety and the naturally coffee-coloured cotton variety, which are widely cultivated in the Şanlıurfa region, were tested with different fertiliser formulas. The research was conducted at the Harran University Faculty of Agriculture research field, using a randomised block design, with three replications. In this study, the application of different doses of mineral and farmyard manure on white and coloured cotton varieties resulted in the examination of various plant and yield parameters in the cultivated plants. The study examined cotton yield (kg/da), plant height (cm), number of woody branches per plant (number/plant), number of fruit branches per plant (number/plant), number of bolls per plant (number/plant), boll weight (g), boll yield weight (g), Ginning Efficiency (%), 100 Seed Weight (g), Fibre Fineness (micronaire), Fibre Length (mm), and Fibre Breaking Strength (Resistance) (g/tex) were examined according to the relevant methods. The most important parameter examined in the thesis in terms of fertilisers applied to coloured and white varieties is the cotton yield parameter. According to this, the highest value was obtained from the standard white Fiona cotton variety in terms of the cotton varieties used. The highest cotton yield (kg/da) was obtained from the application of 6 tons/da of farm manure, with a value of 443.99. The aim of this thesis is to determine the effect of different fertilisers applied to white and coloured cotton on yield and quality based on the parameters examined, and to provide guidance for future studies in this area.