Development of powerlessness assessment scale in patients

Valid and reliable measurement tools are needed to identify and evaluate the perception of powerlessness and its dimensions that negatively affect the recovery of individuals. The aim of this study was to develop a measurement tool to determine the level of powerlessness of patients through the assessment of patients and nurses. The sample of the study for principal component analysis consisted of 304 nurses working in a university hospital in Yozgat city center and 309 inpatients, while the sample for confirmatory factor analysis consisted of 165 nurses working in a public hospital in the same city and 166 inpatients. Test-retest analysis was conducted with 20 nurses and 20 inpatients. Data were collected with the information form and the draft Patients' Powerlessness Assessment Scale. As a result of the analyses, the content validity index of the draft scale was 0.75. For the principal component analysis, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.90, Barlett test X2=10118.96 (p<0.05), and anti-image correlation values were between 0.82 and 0.95. In the principal component analysis, the scale was constructed with 24 items and four sub-dimensions, and the factor loadings of the items were between 0.882 and 0.649. In confirmatory factor analysis, the adjusted Χ2/Sd value was 2.43, RMSEA value was 0.07, GFI value was 0.90, SRMR value was 0.058, CFI value was 0.94, NFI value was 0.90 and TLI=0.93. For convergent validity, the average variance extracted of the scale sub-dimensions is between 0.54-0.75 and construct reliability values were between 0.82-0.91. For reliability, Cronbach's Alpha value was 0.91, item total correlation values were 0.47-0.91, and test-retest r=0.88 (p<0.001) and t=0.316 (p>0.05). In addition, the mean total scale score was 3.79±0.75 for patients and 3.29±0.50 for nurses. In addition, patients' age, graduate and working status, income level and disease status, and nurses' marital status and the clinic they worked in affected the perception of powerlessness (p<0.05). In conclusion, the Patient Powerlessness Assessment Scale, which can be evaluated by patients and nurses, can be used as a valid and reliable measurement tool.