Genotypic Typing of Extended-Spectrum ß-Lactamase of Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli Strains isolated in our Hospital

Genotypic Typing of Extended-Spectrum ß-Lactamase of Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli Strains isolated in our HospitalResistances to the antibiotics increase with time. Resistance to antibiotics has begun to announced short after begin the excessive clinical use of extended spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics since 1980?s. In following years, it was shown that the enzymes of extended spectrum beta lactamases cause the resistance were transmitted among bacterial species via plasmids and transposons. Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) that classically identified are enzymes that derived from the enzymes of TEM, and SHV.This study was carried out in the Laboratories of Firat University Medical Faculty Department of Infectious Diseases and Selcuk University Medical Faculty Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology among October 2006-October 2007. In the study, it was aimed to show resistance genes with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for 50 E.coli and 50 Klebsiella spp. induced ESBL that are the agent of hospital acquired infection isolated from hospitalized patients.Identification of clinical isolates, antibiotic susceptibility tests, and investigations of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases were made according to the criteria of Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards.Genotypic resistance patterns were studied with the technique of PCR at the Molecular Laboratory of Meram Medical Faculty, Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology.No resistances were detected to the carbapenems against to the strains of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. Susceptibilities to the cefoperazon/sulbactam that include beta-lactamase activity against to the E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca were better (84%, 54% and 54% respectively) than piperacillin/tazobactam (66%, 43%, 46% respectively).Amikasin was the most susceptible antibiotic other than beta-lactams. Susceptibility to the amikasin against E. coli was 94%, K. oxytoca was 92%, K. pneumoniae was 86%.Whilst the most resistant antibiotic against E. coli species were ciprofloxacin (88%), the most resistant antibiotic for K. pneumoniae and K. oxytoca were trimetoprim-sulfamethoxazole (89% and 46% respectively).The enzyme of TEM was detected as positive at 38 (76%) strains of E. coli. TEM was positive in the samples isolated from endotracheal aspirates, surgical site infections and blood.The SHV enzyme was positive at the 43 strains (86%) of Klebsiella strains. The SHV positive strains were constituted as 33 for K. pneumoniae (%76.7) and 10 for K. oxytoca (%23.3). SHV positivity rate was higher at Klebsiella strains isolated from the samples from urine and endotracheal aspirate (%91.7 and 100% respectively).