Even the nasiba in the noble Qur'an (A comparative semantic grammatical study)

This main reason of the research is to study the grammatical (even/حتى) meanings of the present tense verb in the Holy Qur'an, which is; the purpose, the exception, and the explanation, clarifying the semantic meanings that result from each grammatical meaning of these meanings, and comparing between these three grammatical meanings by mentioning the differences between them and clarifying what changes the meaning of the verse and its significance by changing (even/حتى) meaning, and the rhetorical meanings that build on these meanings. The researcher started this thesis with an introduction and a preface in which he talked about the linguistic origin of (even/حتى) and the languages contained therein and what they interfere with, then divided it into two chapters: the first: "even" at the grammarians, and the second: "even/حتى" the accusative in the Holy Qur'an, then the first chapter is divided into three sections: (even/حتى) which is included in the express nouns, and (even/حتى) which is included in the nominative and verb sentences of the present tense, and (even/حتى) which is included in the present verb, and as for the second chapter, the researcher talked about (even/حتى) the nasib for the present tense verb in the Qur'an. The second chapter began with an introduction about (even/حتى) in the Qur'an, in which he clarified its meaning and counted the places in which all types of (even/حتى) were mentioned, especially those included in the present verb. Then the researcher divided the second chapter into three sections: he studied in the first section four verses that indicate (even/حتى) the purpose, and in the second four verses that indicate even explanation, and in the third four verses that indicate even the exception, the study of the verse in each section was divided into two parts. the first part is explain the meaning of the words that need a statement, and The second is the grammatical and semantic study, which includes the parsing of the verse and mentioning a meaning even for the commentators and grammarians, then clarifying the semantic meanings that result from the meanings of even/حتى the grammatical, even if it was not mentioned due to its weakness or improbability in the verse, then comparing these meanings, then the researcher's weighting for one of these meanings with an explanation of the reason for the weighting and its evidence. All this according to the descriptive, inductive and comparative approach. At the end of the thesis, the researcher came out with some results, the most important of which was to prove the meaning of the exception in even/حتى though the grammarians neglected it and the denial of some of the later ones and that the exception even/حتى includes the meaning of the condition in some verses and the restriction in others, and that the meaning of the purpose may meet with justification or exception, but it does not meet Exception and reasoning together ever, and despite all the old and new efforts that's done before, (even/حتى) still lacks further research and study. It is necessary to establish fixed foundations and rules for each of its grammatical meanings, to clarify the semantic and rhetorical meanings that it entails, and to show what distinguished it from other tools. Which have the same meaning. Keywords: (even/حتى) the accusative, the purpose, the reasoning, the exception, the accusative.