Evaluating efficiencies of airports by years using data envelopment analysis

In this study, 41 airports' efficiencies and productivities, which are in the portfolio of State Airport's Authority, are evaluated by means of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Malmquist Total Factor Productivity methods in 2011-2014 periods. Operation expenses, service area, number of employees, number of runways and terminal area were taken as input variables, whereas operation revenues, total aircraft, number of passengers and freight traffic were taken as output variables. The variables are analyzed by using DEA method, which is a method based on linear programming and used to evaluate the relative efficiencies of decision units, which are responsible for setting the inputs or outputs, by using similar outputs. In the DEA model, the efficient results are obtained in terms of input oriented minimization including constant return to scale approach. This study is analyzed by using computer software, which is called Banxia Frontier Analyst 4. The performance of each airport is compared with the others and the efficiency rate for each airport is assessed. As the results of efficiency analysis; Adana, Antalya, İstanbul Atatürk and Tekirdağ Çorlu airports are determined as the efficient ones. Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index Analysis, which is used to examine the changes in airports' productivity, has revealed that total factor productivity of the airports has decreased from 2011 to 2014 period. Keywords: Efficiency, Data Envelopment Analysis, Productivity, Malmquist Total Factor Productivity, Airport