Frequency of anemia and causes of renal failure in pediatric patients undergoing hemodialysis

Hemodialysis treats blood when kidneys can't. It removes waste and fluid using a particular machine. This often leads to anemia, with symptoms like fatigue, depression, limited exercise, and breathlessness. Anemia also increases morbidity, mortality, and heart-related hospitalization risk. The current study was conducted as A Longitudinal Study in order to investigate the frequency of anemia and the causes of kidney failure in dialysis patients in Baghdad AL-Karama Hospital Pediatric Nephrology Center between 2020-2023. It included 120 patients, which were collected from records from January 2020 to January 2023. Data results were the mean age of patients (13.50±2.25), 65.8% (\geq12 years) and 34.2% (≤12 years) of patients, 62.5% male and 37.5% female. Looking at the causes of renal failure, the most common cause is glomerulopathy in 45.8%. The cause was congenital, with a percentage of 29.2%, 18.3% was obstruction in the lowerpart of the urinary tract, 4.2% were heart problems, and the least reason was 2.5% of injuries. Hemoglobin levels were ≥11g/dl in 57.5% of the patients and <11g/dl in 42.5% of the patients. The mean weight of the patients before hemodialysis (41.16±9.02), weight after hemodialysis (40.61±9.02) and the average of the Duration of dialysis was (2.55±0.93). This study showed a statistically significant positive correlation between age and target hemoglobin level.