A proposal for a philosophy of medicine based on Hikmetu'l-Mutealiye

The purpose of this thesis is to open a door to the hikmah of medicine. Like everything else, medicine is not independent of philosophy. However, it can be separated from hikmah. Everything that continues to move apart from hikmah will eventually follow hikmah and need to meet it because hikmah deals with the most fundamental thing about the truth of things, existence. Beings have a connection with hikmah because of their existence. In the realm of existence, as a soul that can reflect on its existence, a person is on a journey of evolution because of his/her unique purpose. S/he continues this journey with the ore movement. For his/her movement to progress in the most desired way, s/he has to think about his/her health. Accordingly, s/he should manage the imbalance situation s/he encounters at every moment in the best way. The presence of a physician is essential for the management of this balance. However, the physician must accept the most appropriate medical philosophy about human beings and act following this philosophy. In addition, the physician's knowledge of the psychological-spiritual health of the person will make the said medical philosophy more valuable and realistic. The Hikmetu'l-Müteâliye school, which points to a transcendent understanding of hikmah, with its general framework and most distinctive features, offers the opportunity to envision a philosophy of medicine with a view to the being, the human being, and the world. The holistic view that this school brought to the separation of soul and body, which has not been resolved and remained unresolved throughout history, is very important in terms of the philosophy of medicine. Being part of an ancient civilization, Iran still preserves the medical information and resources it has brought throughout its history. Especially the religious people associate this information with the idea of "Islamic Medicine", which has practiced its medical teachings throughout its long history, and later on, with the emphasis on chemical medicine, the prevalence of these teachings decreased. There are historical and political reasons for this. On the other hand, among the various studies in the field of philosophy of medicine in Iran, where the Hikmetu'l-Müteâliye school embodied, studies called Tıbb-ı Müteâliye sprouted. This concept, which is still very new, was fed from Hikmetu'l-Müteâliye. In this study, first of all, the basic views of the Hikmetu'l-Müteâliye school were explained, then the existence of a philosophy of medicine that could arise from this school was questioned and it was concluded that it was worth recommending in the world of science. In addition, a general criticism has been brought to the numbered Tıbb-ı Müteâliye studies with their basic aspects, and their limitations have been tried to be overcome. Keywords: Transcendental Philosophy, Transcendent Medicine, Hikmah, Medicine, Philosophy of Medicine, Mulla Sadra.