The effect of hyperemesis gravidarum on pregnancy adaptation

Clinical table accompanied by severe nausea and vomiting, weight loss, malnutrition, fluid-electrolyte imbalance, is called hyperemesis gravidarum. As well as hyperemesis gravidarum affects the pregnant's physical and psycho-social health, it also causes pregnancy adaptation problems. The purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of hyperemesis gravidarum on pregnancy adaptation. This was analytic/case-control study that was carried out at Maternity Polyclinics and Gynaecology Service in Aydın Maternity and Childeren's Hospital between April-August, 2016. The study samples included 42 hyperemesis gravidarum diagnosis and was carried out with 148 pregnants in total chosen randomly, 106 of which formed the control group. Introductory questionnaire form and Prenatal Self Evaluation Questionnaire were used as the data collection tools. For evaluating the data, descriptive statistics, X2 test, t-test, Mann Whitney U test were benefitted. Socio-demographic and obstetric features of the pregnants participated in the research as the case and control group were matched statistically, and group were homogeneously distributed. When the information of the pregnants in case and control groups related to the last pregnancy was compared, it was determined that there is no statistically significant difference among planning pregnancy, sex preference for the baby due, reason for the sex preference, partner support, best person to get support, receiving information related to antenatal care (p>0,05). It was determined that the pregnants in the case group perceived the changes occurring based on pregnancy worse (negative) when compared to the pregnants in the control group (X2=18,477, p=0,001). When the total points the pregnants in case and control group got from Prenatal Self Evaluation Questionnaire (PSEQ) and sub-scales were compared, it was seen that there is a statistically significant difference among the thoughts of the pregnant about herself and her baby (p=0,000), acceptance of pregnancy (p=0,000), acceptance of motherhood role (p=0,001), being ready for labour (p=0,001), fear of labour (p=0,008), condition of the relationship between the pregnant and her mother (p=0,001), condition of the relationship between the pregnant and her partner (p=0,012), and Prenatal Self Evaluation total scale points (p=0,000). As a result, it was determined that hyperemesis negatively affects the pregnant's thoughts about herself and her pregnancy, acceptance of pregnancy, motherhood role, being ready for labour, fear of labour, relationship with her mother, relationship with her partner, and pregnancy adaptation. On the other hand, it can be said that when hyperemesis gravidarum is observed, they perceive the changes occurring based on pregnancy worse (negative) when compared to other pregnants.