İbn Teymiyye's ontological critiques on wahdat al-wujud conception

Wahdat al-Wujud is a thought system translated as unity of being. Ibn Arabi is the pioneering figure of the Wahdat al-Wujud conception. In this study, Ibn Taymiyyah critiques focusing on Ibn Arabi's ontology were examined in particular. The main reason that the Wahdat al-Wujud has become a problematic thought thus critisized by Teymiyye is that the ontology of Wahdat al-Wujud is shaped and constructed by the conception of unity. Thanks to this conception of unity, it is claimed that the distinction of necessary-possible being is disappeared. On the other hand, critiques focus on a principal going back to the identification problem. Another cause is that God manifests and appears to the sphere of the beings with his names. God's apparent and esoteric qualities, namely, tanzih and tashbih dimensions were put forward as a reply to these critiques. The distinction of necessary-possible is strictly separated in Ibn Arabi's ontology. Lastly, God's relation with other creatures and question about how do these relations occure is another matter of critique. The aim of this study is to determine Ibn Teymiyye's critiques on the ontology of Wahdat al-Wujud via Ibn Arabi. Finally, it was held a critique on these criticisms. In the first chapter of the thesis, themes of being, God, cosmos were examined in the context of Aristoteles, İslam, and Kalam. In the second chapter, views of being, God, and cosmos in Wahdat al-Wujud were included. In the third chapter, Ibn Teymiyye's view on Sufism, relation between God-cosmos and criticisms on being were mentioned.