Urfa deputies of the second turkish grand national assembly and their political activities (1923-1927)

The Ottoman State was defeated in the First World War which was heavy and exhausted for the Empire. As a result of the Mondros Armistice Agreement signed after the war, the Anatolian lands were occupied by Entente States. The people maintained local resistance against invasions. In this period, Mustafa Kemal Pasha gave the biggest reaction and total struggle for independence by passing to Anatolia and integrating with the nation. During the preparation of National Struggles, Mustafa Kemal Pasha has underlined the idea of national independence by ordering Amasya Circular, Erzurun and Sivas Congresses in Anatolia.While the struggle for independence was initiated against the enemy, important steps were started to take place in the name of national unity and national struggle at the same time. Re-opening of the Ottoman Parliament was one of this struggle. However, Entente States occupied Istanbul on 16 March 1920 and dispelled the Parliament. After the collapse of the Ottoman Parliament, Mustafa Kemal Pasha immediately took action to establish a new parliament in Ankara. In this sense, on 23 April 1920 the Turkish Grand National Assembly was opened on 23 April 1920. This parliament which was based on the sovereignty of the people successfully accomplished two dignified and important tasks, that is, the acquisition of the national liberation struggle and the foundation of the new Turkish state.The First Grand National Assembly, which successfully completed the tasks it undertook, received an election decision and the Second TGNA was opened on 11 August 1923 in this way.As a result of the elections, six deputies from Urfa whose names are Mehmet RefetBey (Mehmet RefetBey), Mehmet RefetBey (ÜLGEN) Yahya Kemal Bey (BEYATLI), Ali FuatBey (BUCAK), HüsrevBey (GEREDE), SaffetKemalettinBey (YETKIN) attended to the Second Grand National Assembly. The Second Turkish Grand National Assembly has designated the regime of the country as republic. Therefore, the abolition of the Caliphate, the adoption of the Civil Code, the adoption of the Constitution of 1924 and many other policies were important decisions taken during the Second Turkish Grand National Assembly TBMM Period. The aim of this thesis is, in this regard, to point out what kinds of roles Urfa deputies in Turkish Second Grand National assembly have taken in constructing new Turkey. Since the Turkish Second Grand National assembly has witnessed many critical developments such as abolition of Caliphet, Laussane Peace Treaty, declaration of the Republic, the roles that Urfa deputies have taken are important that needs clarifying. Besides, this thesis aims at pointing out which policies concerning Urfa's local problems have been questioned and solved by these deputies. Key Words: TGNA (TBMM), Urfa, Deputies, Mustafa Kemal Pasha, National Struggle