The Effect of building orientation and shaping on the cost of heating in terms of climatic comfort

IV ABSTRACT PhD Thesis THE EFFECT OF BUILDING ORIENTATION AND SHAPING ON THE COST OF HEATING IN TERMS OF CLIMATIC COMFORT U. Teoman AKSOY Fırat University Natural Sciences Institute Department of Construction Design Education 2002, Page: 192 In this study is to develope a new method for the calculation of annual heating energy of the buildings depending on the passsive design parameters, such as shape factor, physical properties of building envelope, insulation thickness, transparency ratio and orientation. The aim of the method is to evaluate the performance of building alternatives as passive design in terms of annual heting energy, thus help to consider the necessary precautions during the design stage for energy saving and heating economy. In the study, the distribution of the temperatures in the building envelope is calculated hour by hour (a year=8760 hours) according to the nine different orientations, three different transparency ratios and five different building envelope details for building alternatives have three different shape factors and the same floor area. Thetotal heating energy amount of building alternatives are calculated with heat transfer through opaque and transparent surfaces according to the temperature distributio in the building envelope. The heating costs of the building alternatives are calculated according to total heating energy amount of buildings. The optimum combination of orientation, insulation thickness, transparency ratio and shape factor is determined according to the calculated heating energy amount and cost. Moreover, advantage and disadvantages of building alternatives are argued according to heating costs and passive design parameters. Temperature distributions in the building envelope are calculated by using expilicit finite difference approach of transient-state one-dimensional heat conduction. The study is presented with a computor programme of FORTRAN which is calculating heat transfer through the opaque and transparent surfaces according to temperature distribution in the building envelope and giving the results as total heating energy amount for a yearly period. In this study a sample application is done for Elazığ. From the application results; it has been understood that shape factor, transparency ratio and especially orientation of building and detail of building envelope have important effect on the annual heating energy amount. The obtained results are shown in graphics and tables and suitablest building design has been determined. Key Words : Climatic comfort, Energy saving, Solar energy gain, Shape factor of building, Transparency ratio, Orientation of building, Passive design.