İleri osmoz membran biyoreaktörün atık su arıtım performansı

Water shortage is a most critical issues in our world. In 21st century, interest of water is getting higher step by step in light of expanding population and constrained supplies. Treatment and reuse of accessible water is a vital issue. Likewise,treatmentandreuse of available water is an important issue for providing water. Subsequently, it is important to recover water from utilized water or wastewater to beat the water lack issue through cutting edge innovations, for example, reverse osmosis process and membrane bioreactor. At present, membrane innovation is favored for wastewater recovery as a result of its high contaminant dismissal and water efficiency. Forward osmosis membrane bioreactor (FO-MBR) is a blend of forward osmosis (FO) and membrane bioreactor (MBR) to treat wastewater. It requires lower energy when compared to the conventional MBR, because of using natural process. This work concentrated on imaginative utilizations of osmotically-driven membrane process. The forward osmosis (FO) procedure is a membrane process that uses the natural osmosis process for water transport from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution over an exceptionally high selective membrane. Forward osmosis membrane bioreactor (FO-MBR) which is the blend of FO and MBR procedure is as of late examined and proposed as an option strategy to treat wastewater as a result of its lower energy necessity and lower membrane fouling with the ordinary MBR. While MBR uses suction power to create effluent, FO-MBR uses an osmotic driving power produced by the draw solution, transporting water through the FO membrane. The transportation of water dilutes the draw solution. At the point when the draw solution is adequately diluted, a post-treatment process, in current study reverse osmosis (RO) is using, could be utilized to reconcentrate the draw solution for reuse in the FO process and at the same time deliver high quality water. It has been reported that both reversible and irreversible membrane fouling were not severe in FO process (Cornelissen et al., 2008). The novel forward osmotic membrane bioreactor (FOMBR) framework for water reuse was displayed. Test results exhibited high reasonable flux and moderately low reverse diffusion of solutes from the draw solution into the activated sludge. In current frstudy, accordingto (Achilli et all., 2009)draw solution is selected NaCl with the conductivity of 50 ms/cm, by using the flatsheet polyamide TFC-FO membrane for FO section and using the Filmtec Dow XLE 4440 RO membrane for RO pocess. The lab scale FOMBR has been operated in 13 cycles, each cycle contain 42 hour for FO process, 2 hour for RO process. It is nice to mention that there is not any waste it this system, because of the circulation in RO system, which is cuse to reconcentratethe draw solution for reuse in the FO process and at the same time produce high quality water. In this study focused on membrane performance in selective condition, analysis the FO effluent water and also investigate the microorganisms and membrane characterization. Microbial diversity of the FO-MBR system has been very microscopically monitored and defined. It has been found that gram negative and gram positive bacteria were dominant and survived in the system. There were also some eukaryotic cells such as ciliated and attached protozoa, some nematodes and rotifers in the system. They were used to resist 5-7 mS/cm concuctivity values and very effective removing organic carbon, nitrate and phosphate. It can be said that microorganisms in the activated sludge were euryhaline resisting broad range of conductivity (salinity) concentrations. Filamentous microorganisms, Nostocoida limicola and some fungi filamentous forms have been observed under the selective conditions. The floc structure of the activated sludge was very compact, dense and settling very well. Because of the high salinity values, we may conclude as flocs have got bigger and made net structures on the membrane as a blanket so they have not caused pore fouling. As a resultthe FO-MBR systemwas found to remove greater than 85% of organic carbon, 96% phosphate removals and 79% nitrate and the conductivivity romoval was abserved from 50 mS/cm to 15 mS/cm in draw solution. Also FO membrane characterization analysis did not express significantly fouling during the operation in FO membrane.