Characterization of long distance fiber optic networks for improving communication quality

Fast and complete transmission of data is very important in communication technology. It is necessary to use systems with increased capacity in proportion to the increasing need for data transmission and the increasing number of users. In order to meet these expectations, fiber optic communication systems are widely used in communication technology. fiber optic networks; They have become the most preferred systems with their high bandwidth, high data rates and transmission capacity up to very long distances. In fiber optic communication systems, the selection of features such as modulation format, transmission distance, data rate, modulator selection, number of channels is very critical in terms of the capacity of the system. When designing a fiber optic communication system, it is first decided how to convert the electrical signal to an optical signal. It can be directly modulated by applying an electrical signal to an optical source such as a semiconductor laser. Or the semiconductor laser can be connected to an external modulator. In this study; in the created system; For 40 Gb/s, 16 channels and wavelength division multiplexing (DBÇ), which provides data transmission over the same fiber by using multiple light wavelengths in optical communication, was used and the signal was sent over a 300 km long single mode fiber (TMF). Afterwards, the sub-elements of the design are examined and the transmission quality in the simulation environment; The modulation formats were compared in terms of the modulator used, transmission distance, data rate and number of channels. As a result; In the system, it has been observed that non-zero (NRZ) modulation is preferred as the modulation method, Mach-Zehnder modulator is preferred as the modulator, the decrease in the transmission distance, the increase in the number of channels, and the decrease in the data rate make the communication better quality.