Investigation of the anti-inflammatory effectiveness of 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid in a model of in vitro LPS induced acute renal inflammation

Investıgatıon of The Antı-Inflammatory Effectıveness of 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propıonıc acıd ın a Model of In Vıtro Lps Induced Acute Renal Inflammatıon Sepsis is the most common cause (~%40-50) of acute kidney injury (AKI) and survivors are at high risk of developing chronic kidney disease. Plants contain many bioactive components such as naringin and procyanins. Moreover, the human microbiota provides important contributions to human health by enzymatically transforming such active substances and releasing molecules such as 4-HPPA [3-(4′-hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid]. Biological effects of 4-HPPA such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant have been reported in many studies. The aim of the study is to reveal the anti-inflammatory activity of 4-HPPA, one of the microbiota products of naringin and procyanidins, in an in vitro LPS (lipopolysaccharide) induced kidney inflammation model. Human HEK 293 kidney cells were used in the study. Experiment consisted of 4 groups as control group, LPS group, 4-HPPA group and 4-HPPA+LPS group. LPS and 4-HPPA were applied to the cells at different concentrations for 24 hours. Effective concentrations of LPS and 4-HPPA were investigated by MTT (Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Bromide) viability test. Again, by applying the determined concentrations to the cells, cDNA conversions were performed from the RNAs obtained from the experimental groups. Afterwards, gene expression analyzes of IL-1β (interleukin 1 beta), TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor alpha) and NFkβ (nuclear factor kappa B) responsible for inflammatory responses were investigated by qRT-PCR method. After 24 hours of incubations, 2.5 ng/ml of LPS and 6.25 μg/ml of 4-HPPA were found to be effective concentrations for the experiment. It was also observed that 4-HPPA suppressed LPS-induced IL1β, TNFα and NFkβ gene expressions. According to the data obtained in the study, it was revealed that 4-HPPA effectively showed anti-inflammatory properties in the in vitro LPS-stimulated kidney inflammation model. However, it was concluded that in vivo and further molecular methods are needed to fully elucidate the subject.