In vitro investigation of anticancer activtiy on breast cancer cell lines MCF7 the plant extracts of Iris unguicularis, Iris suaveolens and Iris histrio

The Iris genus grows especially in hot and warm temperate areas. There are many studies conducted on Iris genus or their active components aiming to find new treatment possibilities in diverse research fields such as immunology, infectious diseases, allergy, diabetes, ulcers and oncology. Chemical analysis indicated that Iris genus have more than 250 compounds. They include flavonoids, isoflavonoids and their glycosides, benzoquinones and triterpenoids. Therefore it is important to investigate the Iris genus extracts mechanisms of action in order to predict possible cytotoxic and may be therapeutic effects for cancer. There are not many investigations about Iris genus which are grown especially in Turkey. Iris unguicularis, Iris suaveolens and Iris histrio which are from the family of Iris L. were extracted with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) which can maximize the penetration of compounds from plants extracts to the cells. DMSO is a good solvent for our plant extracts. The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer effects of DMSO etracts of Iris unguicularis, Iris suaveolens and Iris histrio which are grown in Turkey. In our study, inhibitory effects of Iris unguicularis, Iris suaveolens and Iris histrio extracts collected from different regions of Turkey were analyzed on growth of the human breast carcinoma cells(MCF7). Their cytotoxic effects of breast carcinoma cell line(MCF7) was examined ussing the MTT 3-[4,5 – dimethylthiazol -2-yl] -2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay. IC50 values were determined (IC50 values respectively 50.8 µM, 49.40 µM and 50.8 µM). The results showed that our plant extracts are cytotoxic in dose-dependent manner. The concentration rates that was why % cell death ratios (IC_50) are determined as 150 µg/ml for Iris unguicularis and Iris suaveolens, as 100 µg/ml for Iris histrio. Next assays were continued according to these concentrations. The effects of plant extracts on apoptosis with Annexin V,the effects of plant extracts on cell cycle with flow cytometer after stainig the cells with Propidium iodide (Pl) was analyzed. The results were indicated that there are not a meaningful difference on apoptosis when the effects of plant extracts treated cells were compared to control DMSO treated MCF7 cells. The rates show very close variation to one another. In case we look the results of cell cycle, it is observed that there are not a meaningful difference when the effects of extracts of Iris unguicularis, Iris histrio and Iris suaveolens on cell cycle were compared separately to control group on G1, S and G2 phases (p˃0.05). In conclusion, you are thought that Iris unguicularis, Iris histrio and Iris suaveolens extracts don't have potent anti-tumorigenic compoundsthat may be useful in cancer chemoprevention or therapy.